FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions

  • How do I book?

    Please complete the contact form on this site and I will reach out to you to schedule a brief 15-minute consultation.

  • What are your fees?

    My hourly fee is in line with the rate of many psychological practices in Southern Ontario. My current rate is $220 per 50-minute hour.

  • Why is an hour actually 50-minutes?

    We will meet for 50 minutes for therapy. In the remaining 10 minutes of the hour, I complete required documentation for your file (these session notes are maintained as part of your file for 10 years after the date of the last clinical services you receive).

  • Are fees for psychological services covered by OHIP/UHIP?

    No. Unfortunately, most mental health services for Canadians are not covered by the government.

  • Is a referral needed?

    No—you do not need a referral to work with me; however, your private insurer may require a referral from a physician. Please check with your insurer.

  • Do you directly bill insurers?

    I am unable to directly bill your insurer.

    The full fee is due at the end of each session and a receipt will be provided to you. If you have private insurance, you will need to submit your receipt for reimbursement.

  • What is a psycho-diagnostic assessment?

    Psycho-diagnostic assessments focus on emotional and social functioning, assessing conditions such as depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and various personality disorders. These assessments involve interview(s) and questionnaires and can be completed entirely virtually.

    Psychoeducational assessments focus on difficulties often impacting academic or work functioning (such as learning disorders, ADHD, anxiety, and depression, cognitive and/or memory issues). These assessments require in-person cognitive, memory, and academic testing in addition to interviewing and questionnaires and cannot be completed entirely virtually.

  • Can you provide documentation for accommodations?

    Yes. As a psychologist, I am licensed to provide mental health diagnoses, which is often a requirement for certain, ongoing accommodations. Accommodations for brief or acute concerns are less likely to require formal diagnosis.

    Recommendations for accommodations, if warranted, are included as part of a psychodiagnostic assessment. With information collected over the course of therapy, some types of forms may be completed in the absence of formal diagnosis.

    Fees are charged for letters and forms in line with the time required to complete them.

  • Are there differences between psychologists?

    Psychologists in Ontario will be able to register at the master’s level and the doctoral level. Regardless of a practitioner’s education, one of the most important factors in predicting change is whether you actually like your practitioner. Experience and education can also be important factors. Doctoral psychologists do not just complete research as part of their doctoral training; they complete advanced course work, clinically-focused comprehensive examinations, multiple clinical practica, and a one-year clinical residency. Until recently, master’s level practitioners were required to complete several years of “hands on” experience to be registered practitioners. Further, there is no master’s program approved by either of the accrediting bodies that set the standards for clinical psychology training in North America (i.e., the Canadian Psychological Association, the American Psychological Association). While a doctoral degree does not provide a guarantee that the psychologist is going to be right for you or guarantee they have expertise to assess and treat your particular concerns, it does mean that a doctoral psychologist* has years more hands-on training, more advanced formal education about mental health, therapy, and assessment, and additional years of vetting by various supervisors in client-care settings.

    Please ask me about my relevant experience for your concerns—I am happy to discuss and I will try to provide referral options if my experience and training do not match your needs. I strongly encourage you to ask any practitioner you may want to work with about their experience and education.

    *Notably, in the absence of a residency and additional graduate courses relevant to clinical psychology, most master’s level psychologists who were previously registered as psychological associates also completed several years of “hands on” supervised work experience before practicing autonomously.

  • What is the difference between a psychologist and a psychotherapist?

    Currently, the largest difference between psychologists and other mental health practitioners (e.g., from social work, divinity, counselling, etc. programs), is the focus of training. Education and supervised experience differences are then reflected in the services psychologists offer. Broadly speaking, doctoral psychologists receive more intensive training (courses and supervised clinical experiences) to prepare them to treat more severe and/or complex mental health concerns. Unlike other mental health practitioners, psychologists are also permitted to engage in the controlled act of diagnosis. Doctoral psychologists complete years intensive training (through courses and supervised clinical experience) focusing on assessment and diagnosis for a range of mental health conditions, including social, emotional, and executive functioning and cognitive, learning, and memory abilities.